隋铭才英语国家概况课后题答案

达聪 • 2022年7月25日 pm10:21 • 升学考研

隋铭才《英语国家概况》配套题库【课后习题＋章节题库（含名校考研真题）＋模拟试题】

模块一是课后习题详解，以隋铭才《英语国家概况》为主，并参考大量英语语言文化相关资料对隋铭才《英语国家概况》的课后习题进行了详细的分析和解答，并对相关重要知识点进行了延伸。
模块二是章节题库，根据隋铭才《英语国家概况》的章目编排，共分22章（第一部分为英国、美国，共18章；第二部分为加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰、印度，共4章）。
模块三是模拟试题及详解，根据各校历年考研真题的命题规律，精选教材中的重要考点，精心编写了两套模拟试题，并进行了详细的解答。
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隋铭才《英语国家概况》第2章英美教育课后习题答案详解

Answer the Questions

1．Compare the primary education of the UK with that of the USA.

【答案】

USA: In the United States of America many children begin their school education at the age of six. Most state schools offer ten years of education and some offer twelve. Students usually graduate from high school at the age of 18. Five-year-old children have one year of preschool training in many schools. The academic year lasts nine months, from September to June, with winter and spring vacations. Classes are held five days a week, from Monday to Friday.

In primary schools, courses for children include reading, writing and there are also social courses (such as history, geography, and civics of government), science, art and music. Students can also learn cooking and manual skills such as carpentry and sewing. They can do physical exercises on the playground or in gymnasiums.

UK: In the UK, there is a complete system of state primary and secondary education—primary up to the age of eleven, and secondary from eleven to sixteen or eighteen. All children must by law receive full-time education from the age of five to sixteen. Any child may attend without paying fees until they are eighteen. Education at this stage up to 16 is compulsory.

In addition there are quite a number of educational institutions for all the school ages that are supported entirely by fees and private funds. These are the independent or “public” schools. There is also private education in Britain

2．Compare the secondary education of the UK with that of the USA.

【答案】

USA: When a pupil has finished his primary middle school education, he goes to high school automatically. There is no entrance exam. In high school, a student will study English literature and composition, social science, mathematics, laboratory experiments and foreign languages, as well as art, music and physical education.

In most high schools, in addition to general education, there is also vocational training for specific occupations. Through this kind of training, students may obtain enough skills to work as secretaries, or automobile mechanics, etc. after graduation. As for the handicapped children (blind, deaf, crippled, etc.) special programmes are provided in some schools.

A high school teacher has usually majored in the field of his special interest and in addition, he may have a MA degree in education.

UK: In the UK there are two complete secondary education systems: the state schools and the “public” schools. In secondary schools their curricula are determined by standard examinations required for university entrance. Pupils usually study 6 or 7 subjects: English, French and German, mathematics, two sciences and history, but different types of schools have different emphases.

At this stage of education, there are various schools: grammar schools, comprehensive secondary schools, technical schools, secondary modern schools and “public” schools. The first four schools belong to the state system, while public schools belong to the category of the independent schools. Very few grammar schools and secondary schools belong to the old system. All these schools are the products of various periods in history.

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隋铭才《英语国家概况》配套题库

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3．Make a contrast between the higher education in the UK and that of the USA.

【答案】

USA: There are three types of institutions of higher education in the United States of America. The first type is the two-year college, originally called a “junior college”. Now it is named a “community college”, which serves as a bridge that connects secondary schools and universities. The second is the four-year college, often called a “liberal arts college” or a “college of arts and science”. Finally is the American university, which is an institution, more comprehensive and complex than any other kind of US higher educational establishment. There are two kinds of master’s degree. One requires a dissertation paper, which counts for a certain number of credits that usually constitute part of the degree programme. Another kind doesn’t require a dissertation paper, but more credits are required in the process of study. An oral or written examination may also be required for the degree that doesn’t require a dissertation paper.

UK: There are over forty universities in Britain. They can be divided into five types. First of all, the “old universities” refers to Oxford and Cambridge which were the only two universities in England until the nineteenth century. The four Scottish universities, which came into existence in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries are the second type of university in the UK. The universities founded from 1830 to 1930 are the third categories. The fourth type is the group of universities or university colleges which sprang up after the Second World War in the not-too-large, but not-too-small industrial towns. The last is the Open University*, which was founded in 1969 and is a most interesting innovation of higher education.

4．Make a contrast between the public school in the UK and the private school at the high school level in the USA.

【答案】

In the United Kingdom, the term “state school” refers to government-funded schools which provide education free of charge to pupils. The contrast to this is fee-paying schools, such as “independent (or private) schools” and “public schools”.

In England and Wales, the term “public school” is often used to refer to fee-paying schools. In Scotland, where the educational system is completely different from the rest of UK, the term “public school” in Scottish English and Scotsis only used to describe Scottish state funded schools (since they are publicly owned) – although, in the media preference is now being given to the term “state funded school” to avoid confusion with the English term. However, Scottish people will sometimes use the term “public school” when referring to a private school located in England. The Scottish term for what is known in the rest of the UK as a “public school” is “private school” or “independent school”. Use of “public school” to denote state funded schools within Scotland is sometimes confusing for speakers of English from other parts of the UK. The Scottish use of the term has found favour abroad, particularly in the United States and Canada.

USA private school: In the United States, the term “private school” can be correctly applied to any school for which the facilities and funding are not provided by the federal, state or local government; as opposed to a “public school”, which is operated by the government or in the case of charter schools, independently with government funding and regulation. The majority of private schools in the United States are operated by religious institutions and organizations.

Private schools are generally exempt from most educational regulations, but tend to follow the spirit of regulations concerning the content of courses in an attempt to provide a level of education equal to or better than that available in public schools.

5．What does “middle school” mean to an American?

【答案】The American “middle school” include our elementary school and middle school.

6．Do you like the “tutorial system” in the UK? Why or why not?

【答案】Yes, I like it, because it is through the tutorial system that ‘students develop powers of independent and critical thought, analytical and problem-solving abilities, and skills in both written and oral communication and argument.

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